Decene is an alkene (C10H20), containing ten carbon atoms and a distinguishable double bond. It is an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon and its isomerization depends largely on the position and geometry of the double bond. The positional isomers 1-decene and 3-decene are known as decene, however, 1-decene is industrially important isomer.
This alpha-olefin is used as monomer in copolymers, and it is an intermediate in the production of epoxides, amines, oxo alcohols, synthetic lubricants, synthetic fatty acids and alkylated aromatics. Also, 1-decene is used as a feedstock for the production of surfactants (alkyl aromatics and detergent alcohols), and in the production of linear alkyl benzene sulfonates that are used in lube-oil additives, all purpose cleaners, dishwashing liquids and laundry detergents.
1-Decene is produced by employing the industrial process of oligomerization of ethylene, using the Ziegler Process or by cracking of the petrochemical waxes. The production of 1-Decene may vary according to the customer’s requirements; it could be from few metric tons to hundred thousand metric tons.
Alfa Olefins are sensitive to moisture and therefore contact with air or oxygen should be avoided, as auto-oxidation forms impurities, which gives rise to subsequent reactions. They should be kept in dry atmospheric conditions and handled under inert gas atmosphere. With all the hydrocarbons, alpha olefins can form explosive mixtures with oxygen or air in certain concentrations. Besides, 1-decene is stored under nitrogen blanket and is not corrosive to steel or aluminium.
1-Decene is used in lubricants, detergent alcohols and oilfield chemicals, among others, however, under certain conditions (presence of various catalysts-acids), it may undergo exothermic addition polymerization reactions and attack some forms of plastic. If 1-decene is present in high concentration, its presence may cause irritation to the eyes and the respiratory track.
The market in Asia Pacific is growing, and linear alpha-olefins are used mainly for the production of oxo alcohols (detergents and plasticizers) and for making polyalphaolefins (synthetic lubricants). Asia will see 3% growth for the forecast period, (2012-18) as the countries- China, India and Singapore are expected to drive the growth in Asia.
1-Decene is segmented into applications and companies. It is used in applications, such as alkylbenzenes, linear & branched, alpha olefin sulfonates (AOS), detergent alcohols, lubricant and oilfield chemicals. The different companies that are part of 1-decene are Dow Chemical Company, Evonik Industries AG, Exxon Mobil Corp, Godrej Industries Ltd., and Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation.
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